Abstract : Normal intracranial pressure is exerted by the cerebrospinal fluid on the cerebral tissue which produces a pressure in the cranium. This is maintained in the range of 7-15 mm Hg. The cranium is formed as a protecting framework to the brain tissues through eight bones 2 temporal, 2 parietal, frontal, occipital, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones. The neurocranium contains three components the brain Tissues 80%, Blood 10 % and CSF 10%. These are responsible for ICP, if any one of these increases in volume, then other of one or two compresses and adjusts a limited time to avoid increasing ICP but after some instant, brain is exhausted and increase ICP, So that one increased ?Volume increased ? ICP increased ? Brain shrank ? Brain Injury. There are elastance and compliance mechanism which stable the ICP in some instant, because the brain 100–150 ml CSF additionally absorb without changes in the ICP. In adult, normally CSF volume is 150 ml, the 125ml within subarachnoid spaces and 25ml in the ventricles. Whenever CSF volume increases then the compensatory mechanism is started so, low pressure of vein is collapsed and CSF egress into the lumbar subarachnoid space, when the compensatory mechanism is exhausted then increased of additional volume cause sudden ICP rise. The cerebrospinal fluid is circulating through the neuroaxis from the site of secretion to the site of absorption due to rhythmic systolic pulse wave in choroid arteries. The CSF circulation is depending on frequency of respiration, jugular venous pressure, postures and the individual physical activity. The mechanism of compliance is changing the ICV and ICP. It means, the ICP is elevated, then ICV becomes low, when ICP is normal, the ICV is become high. So, small changes in the ICV that changes in the ICP.
Keywords : ICP-Intracranial pressure, CBF-Cerebral blood flow, CPP-Cerebral perfusion pressure, MAP- Mean arterial pressure, and PP- Pulse pressure.
Cite : Rahman , A., Irshad , M., & Arshad, M. (2023). Raised Intra Cranial Pressure, Effects on Brain and Management (1st ed., pp. 102-111). Noble Science Press. https://doi.org/10.52458/9789388996983.nsp2023.eb.ch-14
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