EMERGING CHALLENGE FOR INDIAN SOCIETYACQUIRED IMMUNITY DEFICIENCY SYNDROME (AIDS)/HIV    

Authors : Dr. Anjum Javed; Dr. Mohd. Imlaque; Dr. Rehan Safee

Publishing Date : 2023

DOI : https://doi.org/10.52458/9789388996983.nsp2023.eb.ch-11

ISBN : 978-93-88996-79-2

Pages : 77

Chapter id : GU/NSP/EB/HHJTUM/2023/Ch-11

Abstract : To write about this disease my aim is to face emergence, structure and dynamics challenges in Indian society. Especially I want to share the dark truth about the hidden facts and how to face such a problem that create every day in Indian society for HIV/AIDS patients. Today in world HIV/AIDS remain is a worldwide issue and for low community it is always a challenge. It is a challenging health issue in Indian population. Some reports are said that estimated 39.0 million [33.1–45.7 million] person living affected from AIDS at the end of 2022 in world. However, in our society still today we have no cure for HIV/AIDS patients and not any private body or our societies help such poor patients which may needs diagnosis, help and assistance for HIV/AIDS patients. HIV infection still today is an emerging and chronic health condition for the population who live their life with HIV/AIDS. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that attacks the human immune system and the major fact is that patient is unknown and when the disease destroys the all-human immune system patient goes to the physician. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) virus target human body and weak the human immune system. Slowly it goes to advance stage in human body. The one other fact that it creates many other complications for other unborn disease. It is spread from body fluids or by the infected persons which includes blood, infected syringes, breast milk and vaginal fluid. There are false theories that it can be spread by the kiss hug or with sharing food. But it is a fact it is spread from infected mother to baby.

Keywords : Social Implications, late diagnosed cases, clinical symptoms, progression, risk factors, complications, diagnosis

Cite : Javed , A., Imlaque , M., & Safee, R. (2023). Emerging Challenge for Indian Society acquired Immunity Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)/HIV (1st ed., pp. 77-82). Noble Science Press. https://doi.org/10.52458/9789388996983.nsp2023.eb.ch-11

References :
  1. Chaimay, B., Woradet, S., Chantutanon, S., Phuntara, S., & Suwanna, K. (2013). Mortality among HIV/AIDS patients coinfected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in southern Thailand. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 44(4), 641.
  2. Doms, A., & Schroeder, M. (2005). GoPubMed: exploring PubMed with the gene ontology. Nucleic acids research, 33(suppl_2), W783-W786.
  3. Krentz, H. B., Auld, M. C., & Gill, M. J. (2004). The high cost of medical care for patients who present late (CD4< 200>
  4. Mocroft, A., Lundgren, J. D., Sabin, M. L., Monforte, A. D. A., Brockmeyer, N., Casabona, J., ... & Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe (COHERE) study in EuroCoord. (2013). Risk factors and outcomes for late presentation for HIV-positive persons in Europe: results from the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe Study (COHERE). PLoS medicine, 10(9), e1001510.
  5. Raffetti, E., Postorino, M. C., Castelli, F., Casari, S., Castelnuovo, F., Maggiolo, F., ... & Torti, C. (2016). The risk of late or advanced presentation of HIV infected patients is still high, associated factors evolve but impact on overall mortality is vanishing over calendar years: results from the Italian MASTER Cohort. BMC Public Health, 16(1), 1-10.
  6. Marks, G., Crepaz, N., & Janssen, R. S. (2006). Estimating sexual transmission of HIV from persons aware and unaware that they are infected with the virus in the USA. Aids, 20(10), 1447-1450.
  7. Jeong, S. J., Italiano, C., Chaiwarith, R., Ng, O. T., Vanar, S., Jiamsakul, A., ... & Choi, J. Y. (2016). Late presentation into care of HIV disease and its associated factors in Asia: results of TAHOD. AIDS research and human retroviruses, 32(3), 255-261.
  8. Ang, L. W., Toh, M. P. H. S., Boudville, I. C., Wong, C. S., Archuleta, S., Lee, V., ... & Leo, Y. S. (2021). Epidemiological factors associated with the absence of previous HIV testing among HIV-positive persons in Singapore, 2012–2017. BMJ open, 11(8), e050133.
  9. De Coul, E. L. O., Van Sighem, A., Brinkman, K., Van Benthem, B. H., Van Der Ende, M. E., Geerlings, S., & Reiss, P. (2016). Factors associated with presenting late or with advanced HIV disease in the Netherlands, 1996–2014: results from a national observational cohort. BMJ open, 6(1), e009688.
  10. Vaillant, A. A. J., & Naik, R. (2023). HIV-1 associated opportunistic infections. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing.
  11. Ruxrungtham, K., Brown, T., & Phanuphak, P. (2004). Hiv/aids in asia. The Lancet, 364(9428), 69-82.
  12. Korean Society for AIDS. (2013). The 2013 clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of HIV/AIDS in HIV-infected Koreans. Infection & Chemotherapy, 45(4), 455-461.
  13. Choy, C. Y., Wong, C. S., Kumar, P. A., Olszyna, D. P., Teh, Y. E., Chien, M. F. J., ... & Archuleta, S. (2022). Recommendations for the use of antiretroviral therapy in adults living with HIV in Singapore. Singapore Medical Journal.